St. Basil's Cathedral was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible and built
on the edge of Red Square between 1555 and 1561. It was built to commemorate
Ivan the Terrible's successful military campaign against the Tartar
Mongols in 1552 in the besieged city of Kazan. It is said that Ivan
had the architects blinded so that they could never again design a building
so beautiful. The multi-tented church with onion spires is traditionally
perceived to be the symbol of Russia's unique position between Europe
and Asia. In 1588, Czar Fedor Ivanovich added a chapel on the eastern
side above the grave of Basil Foot for Christ, a Russian orthodox saint
after whom the cathedral was named.